Hygroscopic and perspiration products are a kind of functional textile products that have developed rapidly in recent years. Especially in sports, leisure, outdoor and travel apparel products, which have become the highlight of the market and consumption.
Moisture - absorbing and sweat - wicking fabrics can be designed from the aspects of hygroscopic fiber and fabric structure.
In order to achieve the relevant functions simply and quickly, the moisture absorption and sweat removal fabrics on the market are mostly thin fabrics. Fabrics have single one, also have double or multi-layer structure fabric.
Fiber
The hygroscopic and perspiration properties of fiber depend on its chemical composition and physical structure. The gaseous water evaporated from the skin surface is first absorbed by the fibrous material (i.e. hygroscopic) and then wetted through the material surface. The liquid water on the surface of the skin is absorbed, diffused and evaporated on the surface of the material by the wicking effect caused by the holes (pores, micropores, grooves) inside the fiber and the gaps between the fibers.
The form of fiber wetting can be divided into infiltration and core suction. The former refers to the liquid phase water conduction along the surface of a single fiber or fiber aggregate in the form of infiltration and core suction, the latter refers to the absorption of the capillary core of the liquid in the fiber collection or single fiber hole.
Among them, infiltration is the basis and premise of wicking. Fiber infiltration can be characterized by measuring contact Angle, infiltration force, spreading speed and other indicators, and fiber core absorption can be characterized by core absorption height and core absorption speed.
There are two ways that water can migrate. The first of which is mainly related to the chemical composition of fiber macromolecules. The second is related to the physical structure of fiber.
Moisture absorption and sweat discharge fiber generally has a high specific surface area, the surface has many holes or grooves, its cross section is generally special shape, the use of capillary effect, so that the fiber can quickly absorb the skin surface moisture and sweat, through diffusion, transfer to the outer layer of hair.
Development of hygroscopic fibers
In China, the first products to introduce the concept of moisture absorption and sweat removal or moisture absorption and quick drying are functional textile products developed based on the characteristics of natural fibers.
The characteristics of cotton fiber is easy to moisture absorption but not easy to dry and discomfort. People began to consider whether can through changes in the structure of yarn or fabric. Even through the way of finishing to speed the moisture conduction and evaporation. So as to achieve the effect of moisture absorption and speed drying, when the popular polyester cover cotton products is a typical example.
Afterwards, with the development of fiber technology, based on differentiated synthetic fiber as the main raw materials have begun to enter the market.
Chemical moisture absorption and sweat removal fiber is mainly made of fiber cross-section special-shaped (Y shape, cross shape, W shape and bone shape, etc.) to form grooves on the fiber surface. With the help of the core moisture absorption and conductivity structure of grooves, it can quickly absorb moisture and sweat on the surface of the skin, and discharge it out of the body instantly, and then the sweat is diffused and quickly evaporated by the fiber of the cloth surface. To achieve the purpose of moisture absorption, perspiration, temperature regulation, so that the skin to keep dry and cool.
Weaving
In THE weaving process, reasonable arrangement of fabric thickness, jacquard and elastic area through jacquard process design can not only meet the needs of air permeability, pulling and elasticity of human body, but also make the fabric itself have a certain moisture absorption and sweat removal function.
Fabric structure
By the method of structure development single wizard wet double knitting fabric, the fabric adopt single plated yarn jacquard organization, rib change or interlock, lining the hydrophobic fibres such as polyester, polypropylene woven cellular or mesh point structure, outer adopts hydrophilic fibres such as cotton, wool, viscose, such as weaving high-density organization structure, increase the inside and outside layer differential capillary effect of fabric, Can also achieve a single wizard wet function.
One-way poured wet
In addition, the moisture absorption perspiration fabric developed by the multilayer structure of fabric is generally lining for polypropylene, polyester filament, such as the middle layer of cotton yarn of moisture absorption layer, outer layer is composed of high strength, good permeability of fiber, can adopt double rib composite tissues, guide the sweat, can also realize knitted fabric, breathable, and soft feel.
