The water splashing performance of fabric means that after the special treatment of water splashing agent, water drops can drop from a round bead, which will not cause infiltration and diffusion to wet clothes, and achieve water splashing function like lotus leaf (Lotus effect). This principle is used in anti-splashing processing, and a layer of superfine "needle bed" is attached to the cloth surface with various chemical materials, so that the tension on the cloth surface is less than the cohesive force of water, so the water drops will roll away when falling behind, instead of spreading out and soaking. If the needle bed structure is flattened or covered with oil stain, the anti-splashing ability of the fabric will be greatly reduced, and even water absorption will begin.
Waterproof performance refers to the functional treatment for preventing water from penetrating. At present, waterproof membrane is commonly used to prevent water molecules from penetrating, but the membrane itself is too fragile, so the waterproof function can be realized through the cooperation of surface cloth, membrane and lining. The waterproof ability is expressed by the water pressure impedance value, that is, the waterproof cloth with a fixed area blocks the rising water pressure, and when the third drop of water seeps from the surface, the water pressure impedance value of the fabric can be obtained, and the most basic waterproof ability can be achieved if it exceeds 1000 mm.
Moisture permeability refers to the function provided by indirect air permeable waterproof membrane. Moisture permeability and air permeability are two different ventilation mechanisms, although both of them can finally let sweat escape to the outside world through the fabric. Moisture permeation needs to wait for sweat gas to be absorbed by hydrophilic nonporous membrane and become sweat molecules inside, and then move out of the membrane in the form of micro Brownian motion under the influence of humidity pressure difference inside and outside the garment, and then become gas to be discharged through the surface, so it is called indirect ventilation.
Permeability refers to the function provided by water-repellent porous waterproof membrane in waterproof breathable membrane. Breathing is to let gas directly pass through the gap of "water-repellent porous membrane", which is called direct breathing because of its high speed.
All fabrics have a certain windproof function, and the tighter they are woven, the stronger the windproof ability. Fabrics with poor air permeability generally have strong wind resistance.
